Ubuntu下轻松上手：autogen自动化构建工具实操指南

简介
autogen 是一个自动化构建工具，它主要用于生成构建脚本。这些脚本通常用于生成 Makefile，从而简化了项目的构建过程。autogen 通常与 autoconf 配合使用，autoconf 用于生成配置脚本，以检测系统环境并生成可编译的源代码。
安装 Autogen
在 Ubuntu 下，可以通过包管理器 apt 安装 autogen：
sudo apt update
sudo apt install autogen autoconf automake libtool
配置项目
为了使用 autogen，你需要一个项目目录，其中包含源代码和 autogen 配置文件。以下是一个简单的项目结构示例：
myproject/
|– src/
| |– main.c
|– configure.ac
|– Makefile.am
|– autogen.sh
|– Makefile.in
configure.ac
：这是一个 autoconf 配置文件，用于检测系统环境并生成配置脚本。
Makefile.am
：这是一个 automake 配置文件，用于定义项目的构建规则。
autogen.sh
：这是一个 autogen 配置脚本，用于生成 configure 脚本和 Makefile.in。
Makefile.in
：这是一个由 autogen 生成的 Makefile 模板。
生成配置脚本
在项目目录中，运行以下命令来生成 configure 脚本和 Makefile.in：
./autogen.sh
这将创建一个名为
configure
的脚本和一个名为
Makefile.in
的 Makefile 模板。
配置项目
现在，你可以运行
configure
脚本来配置项目：
./configure
这个脚本会检查你的系统环境，并根据需要生成一个配置好的 Makefile。
构建
使用以下命令构建项目：
make
这将编译项目并生成可执行文件。
安装
使用以下命令安装项目：
sudo make install
这将安装项目到你的系统。
示例项目
以下是一个简单的示例项目，展示了如何使用 autogen：
”`bash
configure.ac
AC_INIT([myproject], [1.0])
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([src/main.c])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AC_SUBST([VERSION], [1.0])
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])
AC_OUTPUT
Makefile.am
AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = 1.11
AC_SUBST([PACKAGE], [myproject])
AC_SUBST([VERSION], [1.0])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([1.11])
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([src/main.c])
AC_SUBST([srcdir], [$(top_srcdir)])
AM_SUBST_FILES([srcdir])
AM_SUBST_HEADERS([srcdir])
SUBDIRS = src
srcdistdir = src
distdir =
\((prefix)/share/myproject
distdirsrc = \)
(distdir)/src
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_MANIFEST =
\((srcdirsrc_DATA) \)
(srcdirsrc_PROGRAMS) $(srcdirsrc_SCRIPTS)
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram
distdirsrc_SCRIPTS = myscript
distdirsrc_DATA = src/main.c
distdirsrc_PROGRAMS = myprogram